Glossary Of Terms


APS

Active Pixel Sensors, often fabricated using complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. APS enable individual pixels on the sensors to be programmed, making it easier to read a variety of different symbologies from the same device.

Area ImagingArea imagers capture a “picture” of two-dimensional or linear codes and process it using advanced decode algorithms. Area imagers can be produced using either charge-coupled device (CCD) technology or more sophisticated CMOS technology.

Bar-code symbolA sequence of rectangular shapes and intervening spaces used to encode a string of data. A bar-code symbol typically consists of five parts:

1) a leading quiet zone, 2) a start character, 3) data character(s) including an
optional check character, 4) a stop character and 5) a trailing quiet zone.
Bi-directional
Characteristic of some bar codes that allow decoding of the symbol regardless of whether scanned in a
forward or backward direction.

CCDCharge-Coupled Device, the solid state component found in a wide variety of products from simple scanners and fax machines to highly sophisticated devices such as linear imagers, video cameras, and digital cameras.


Close range
From contact to 5 inches (12.7 cm).

CMOSComplementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (pronounced see-moss). CMOS is a widely used type of semiconductor. CMOS semiconductors use both NMOS (negative polarity) and PMOS (positive polarity) circuits. Since only one of the circuit types is on at any given time, CMOS chips require less power than chips using just one type of transistor. This makes them particularly attractive for use in battery-powered devices, such as portable computers.

Decode
The process of interpreting scanned or “read” information and presenting it to the computer in a usable fashion.

Long range

From 2 feet (61 cm) to 35 feet (10.7 meters).

Laser

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Laser scanners read bar codes with a laser beam in
conjunction with oscillating mirrors to automatically move the beam back and forth across the symbol.
 
Linear imaging
Linear imagers are solid state scanners that use a charge-coupled device (CCD) as their underlying technology.

Linear imagers generally deliver better performance and reliability at a lower price than laser scanners.

LED

Light Emitting Diodes are special diodes that emit light when connected in a circuit. They are frequently used
as “pilot” lights in electronic appliances to indicate whether the circuit is closed or not.
Matrix codes
An arrangement of regular polygon shaped cells where the center-to-center distance of adjacent elements
is uniform. The arrangement of the elements represents data or symbology functions. Matrix symbols may
include recognition patterns that do not follow the same rule as the other elements within the symbol.
MEMS
Micro Electro Mechanical System. MEMS devices are manufactured using silicon semiconductor batchfabrication
techniques similar to those used for integrated circuits. Used to produce laser scan engines, MEMS
technology produces an engine with faster scan rates, reduced size, improved durability and frictionless
mechanical parts for longer-lasting performance.
RFID
Radio Frequency IDentification. The use of radio frequency signals to provide automatic identification of
items. RFID uses a reader (or interrogator) and special RFID tags containing an integrated circuit and antenna
that can be read and written to hundreds of times.
Standard range
From 2-9 inches (5-23 cm).
Stacked Code
A long, multi-row symbol that is broken into sections, which are stacked in a fashion similar to sentences in a
paragraph.
Symbology
Bar-code language, including linear, matrix and two-dimensional codes.
Two-dimensional (2-D) symbology
A machine-readable symbol composed of rows of encrypted data arranged in a rectangular or square pattern.
The rows of data may be composed of bar-code strips “stacked” to form the two-dimensional block pattern or
arranged as a checkerboard “matrix” of typically square elements.
X-dimension
The nominal dimension of the narrow bars and spaces in linear and 2-D stacked codes. In 2-D matrix symbols,
the X-dimension is the height and width dimension of the smallest element because each module is square,
except for MaxiCode modules which are hexagonal.

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